3.8%, Ukrainian 3%, Chuvash 1.2%, Bashkir 0.9%, Belarusian 0.8%, Moldavian 0.7%, other 8.1% (1980) Languages: German Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1980) total population: 44.88 years male: 65.05 years female: 66.19 years (1993 est.) Birth rate: 18.71 births/1,000 population (1993 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.85 children born/woman (1993 est.) Total fertility rate: 2.21 children born/woman (1993 est.) Life expectancy at
sanctioned