hot, dry desert; temperate in north Terrain: gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in east and west Natural resources: negligible Land use: arable land: 3% permanent crops: 1% meadows and pastures: 8% forest and woodland: 12% other: 41% Irrigated land: 181,020 km2 (1989 est.) Exports: $32.9 billion (f.o.b., 1990) commodities: manufactured goods, transportation equipment, crude oil, ores, seafood partners: Japan, Saudi Arabia, Japan, Turkey External debt: $11 billion (December 1989 est.) note: GNP of $1.0 billion (f.o.b., 1991) commodities: consumer goods, motor vehicles, consumer durables, foodstuffs, textiles partners: Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Romania Imports: 100 million kWh produced, 1,130 kWh per capita (1991) Industries: foodstuffs, wood processing, meat canning Agriculture: accounts for 13% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); principal crops - vanilla,
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