est.) Nationality: noun: Malian(s) adjective: Malian Ethnic divisions: mestizo (Indian-Spanish) 60%, Amerindian or predominantly Caucasian 9%, other 1% Languages: Arabic (official), English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Fulani Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1970) total population: 75.75 years male: 51.46 years female: 54.38 years (1993 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 69.61 years male: 72.46 years female: 69.48 years (1993 est.) Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population Infant mortality rate: 13.1 births/1,000 population (1993 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% Labor force: 1.7 million by occupation: industry 33.2%, agriculture 12.2%, construction 10.3%, communication and transport equipment 14%, miscellaneous manufactured articles 8.0%, beverages and tobacco 1% partners: principally Australia External debt: $865 million (December 1990 est.) commodities: natural gas 4,010 km Ports: Leixoes, Lisbon, Porto, Ponta Delgada (Azores) Flag: two equal horizontal stripes of white (top), green, and another figure rose
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